Chemical Composition Of ER70S-4

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Element Category	Element Symbol	Chemical Composition Range (%)	Core Function & Description
Major Alloying Elements	C	0.07 ~ 0.15	Controls weld strength: too low content results in insufficient strength, while excessive content easily causes welding cracks and reduced toughness.
	Mn	1.40 ~ 1.85	1. Acts as the main deoxidizer to reduce oxygen content in the weld and prevent porosity; 2. Refines grains to improve weld strength and toughness; 3. Enhances molten pool fluidity.
	Si	0.80 ~ 1.15	1. Serves as a strong deoxidizer, working synergistically with Mn to further reduce oxygen content; 2. Increases weld hardness and strength; 3. Stabilizes the arc and reduces spatter.
Harmful Impurity Elements	P	≤ 0.025	A strictly restricted harmful element that easily causes "hot brittleness" of the weld (reduced plasticity at high temperatures, prone to cracking); must be controlled at an extremely low level.
	S	≤ 0.025	A strictly restricted harmful element that easily causes "cold brittleness" of the weld (reduced toughness at low temperatures, prone to cracking) and increases the risk of hot cracks.
Residual Elements	Cu	≤ 0.50	Usually a residual element introduced by raw materials; a small amount can improve weld corrosion resistance, but excessive content may cause hot cracks.
	Ni	≤ 0.30	A residual element with little impact on weld performance; the standard only specifies an upper limit (not a mandatory element).
	Cr	≤ 0.20	A residual element; a small amount can increase strength, but excessive content may increase weld hardenability, so the standard sets an upper limit.
	Mo	≤ 0.15	A residual element with a slight impact on weld toughness; the standard only specifies an upper limit (not a mandatory element).
	V	≤ 0.05	A residual element that has no significant impact on performance when content is extremely low; the standard sets an upper limit.

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